本文目录一览:
- 1、废水处理 *** 有哪些
- 2、废水处理三大基本 ***
- 3、废水处理的基本 ***
废水处理 *** 有哪些
废水处理 *** 有:
1、物理法:利用物理作用处理、分离和回收废水中的污染物。例如沉淀法(重力分离法)除去水中相对密度大于1的悬浮物;过滤法(滤网沙层活性碳)可除去水中的悬浮物;蒸发法用于浓缩废水中不挥发性和可溶性物质,另外还有离心分离法、汽浮(浮选)法、高梯度磁分离法等。
2、化学法:利用化学反应或物理化学作用处理回收可溶性废物或胶状物质。例如中和法用于中和酸性或碱性废水;萃取法利用可溶性废物在两相作用中溶解度不同的“分配”,回收酚类和重金属等;氧化还原法用来除去废水中还原性或氧化性污染物,杀灭天然水体中的病原菌。此外还有混凝法和化学沉淀法等。
3、物理化学法:吸附法、离子交换法、萃取法、膜析法、蒸发法。
4、生物法:利用微生物的生化作用处理废水中的有机污染物。例如,生物过滤法和活性污泥法来处理生活污水或有机生产废水,使有机物转化降解成无机盐而得到净化。还有生物膜法、生物塘法。
5、污泥土地处理法:用于有机质处理。污水灌溉,慢速下渗,快速下渗就要通过污水处理厂进行处理,然后在循环使用,用来冲厕所等用。
废水处理三大基本 ***
废水处理基本 *** :(1)物理法:废水处理 *** 的选择取决于废水中污染物的性质、组成、状态及对水质的要求。一般废水的处理 *** 大致可分为物理法、化学法及生物法三大类。
利用物理作用处理、分离和回收废水中的污染物。例如用沉淀法除去水中相对密度大于1的悬浮颗粒的同时回收这些颗粒物;浮选法(或气浮法)可除去乳状油滴或相对密度近于1的悬浮物;过滤法可除去水中的悬浮颗粒;蒸发法用于浓缩废水中不挥发性的可溶性物质等。
废水处理基本 *** :(2)化学法:利用化学反应或物理化学作用回收可溶性废物或胶体物质,例如,中和法用于中和酸性或碱性废水;萃取法利用可溶性废物在两相中溶解度不同的“分配”,回收酚类、重金属等;氧化还原法用来除去废水中还原性或氧化性污染物,杀灭天然水体中的病原菌等。
废水处理基本 *** :(3)生物法:利用微生物的生化作用处理废水中的有机物。例如,生物过滤法和活性污泥法用来处理生活污水或有机生产废水,使有机物转化降解成无机盐而得到净化。
废水处理的基本 ***
废水处理的 *** 有:
1、物理沉淀法,一般是使用沉淀剂吸附污水中的污染物质的 *** ,这里较为重要的沉淀剂,处理不同的污染物质,需要选择与之相对应的沉淀剂,并且本 *** 一般不会产生二次污染。
2、吸附法,就是使用吸附剂将污水中的污染成分进行吸附,达到处理污水的 *** ,比如一种最常见的吸附剂:活性炭,但是吸附剂一般是一次性消耗品,成本可能较高。
3、萃取法,该 *** 一般利用一定的萃取剂,将水中的污染物萃取出来。
4、膜过滤法,一般是利用一种特定的半透膜,仅能水或者仅能污染物通过该膜,从而达到分离污染物的 *** 。
5、中和法,这个是利用化学中的酸碱中和反应,污染物一般是酸或者碱,便用与之想反的化学物质进行中和,生成无污染的化学盐。
6、电解法,该 *** 一般是用来处理金属盐,通过点解使金属离子析出,达到污水处理的 *** 。
7、一般是使用微生物的分解作用将有机物转化为无机物,最终达到污染处理的 *** ,该 *** 一般需要使用到细菌,细菌分为喜氧菌和厌氧菌,所以需要根据所使用微生物的特性为其创造合适的生存环境。
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